Normal infant and child development Milestone dates are ranges that have been approximated and vary by source. Children not meeting milestones may need assessment for potential developmental delay. note <1 year infant, 1 to 3 year is toddler and 3 to 5 year is preschool Motor: Primitive reflexes disappear— Moro, rooting, palmar, Babinski (Mr. Peanut Butter) Posture—lifts head up prone (by 1 mo), rolls and sits (by 6 mo), crawls (by 8 mo), stands (by 10 mo), walks (by 12–18 mo) Picks—passes toys hand to hand (by 6–9 mo), Pincer grasp (by 10 mo) Points to objects (by 12 mo) Cruises, takes first steps (by 12 mo) Climbs stairs (by 18 mo) Cubes stacked (number) = age (yr) × 3 Cutlery—feeds self with fork and spoon (by 20 mo) Kicks ball (by 24 mo)Drive—tricycle (3 wheels at 3 yr) Drawings—copies line or circle, stick figure (by 4 yr) Dexterity—hops on one foot by 4 yr (“4 on one foot”), uses buttons or zippers, grooms self (by 5 yr) social Social smile (by 2 mo) Stranger anxiety (by 6 mo) Separation anxiety (by 9 mo Recreation—parallel play (by 24–36 mo) Rapprochement—moves away from and returns to parent (by 24 mo) Realization—core gender identity formed (by 36 mo) Freedom—comfortably spends part of day away from parent (by 3 yr) Friends—cooperative play, has imaginary friends (by 4 yr) verbal/cognitive: Orients—first to voice (by 4 mo), then to name and gestures (by 9 mo) Object permanence (by 9 mo) Oratory—says “mama” and “dada” (by 10 mo) Words—uses 50-200 words (by 2 yr), Voir plus