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Description of Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity and black holes

"블랙홀에 대한 현대적인 연구는 아인슈타인(Albert Einstein)이 1915년에 발표한 일반상대성이론(General Theory of Relativity)에서 시작된다. 이 백 년 된 중력 이론은 두 가지 충격적인 예측을 제시한다. 하나는, 거대한 별들은 결국 사건의 지평선 뒤로 붕괴되어 특이점을 포함한 ‘블랙홀(black hole)’이 된다는 것. 다른 하나는, 우리 우주의 과거 어딘가에도 ‘특이점(singularity)’이 존재하며 그것이 우주의 어떤 시작을 의미한다는 것이다. 이 놀라운 문장은 1973년 스티븐 호킹(Stephen Hawking)과 조지 엘리스(George Ellis)가 공동 집필한 일반상대성이론의 명저 『시공간의 대규모 구조(The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time)』의 첫 페이지에 등장한다. 이 문장은 ‘블랙홀’, ‘특이점’, ‘사건의 지평선’이라는 매혹적인 용어들을 소개하며, 이 용어들은 오늘날 대중문화의 일부가 되었다. 동시에 이 문장은, 우주에서 가장 거대한 별들이 수명을 다하면 결국 중력에 의해 붕괴될 수밖에 없음을 설명한다. 별은 사라지지만, 우주의 구조 속에 하나의 흔적을 남긴다. 그리고 그 지평선 뒤에는 무언가가 남는다. 바로 특이점이다. 이 특이점은 우리가 알고 있는 자연법칙이 더 이상 작동하지 않는 순간이며, 장소라기보다는 하나의 ‘시간’이다. 일반상대성이론에 따르면, 이 특이점은 시간의 끝에 존재한다. 그리고 또 하나의 특이점은 시간의 시작, 즉 ‘빅뱅(Big Bang)’이다." Ver más

#history #science #physics

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