African Americans have been diagnosed with COVID-19 and died at a disproportionately higher rate.[131][132] Many factors contributed to this outcome. African Americans disproportionately represent service industry workers. These essential workers have a higher risk of exposure to COVID-19 due to the inability to shelter at home. The contributing factors to this disparity are the limited public testing available, an increase in low-wage worker unemployment, lack of healthcare, medical racism/biases, and a higher rate of pre-existing conditions.[133] Due to these disparities, the Black-White life expectancy gap is expected to increase by 40%, from 3.6 years to over five years.[134] Structural health inequalities have intensified the effect of COVID-19 on African Americans. African Americans are less likely to have adequate access to consistent healthcare, residential segregation and food insecurity lead to underlying health conditions, and underrepresentation in government and medicine leads to biased decision-making and policies that don't fully address the needs of Black communities.[135] A meta analysis found that African Americans were found to have higher risk and severity of COVID-19, as well as the social determinants of health being strongly correlated with COVID-19 outcomes.[136] See more