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Cross-section diagram of an erupting volcano, showing the magma chamber, volcanic conduits, and lava flowing down its sides.

Un Vulcano visto “tagliato a metà” mostra chiaramente le sue parti interne. Alla base, in profondità sotto la montagna, si trova la camera magmatica: una grande cavità piena di magma fuso. Da qui il magma risale verso la superficie. Dal magma partono i camini vulcanici, cioè i condotti verticali o inclinati attraverso cui il magma sale. Il principale arriva fino alla cima del vulcano, mentre altri secondari possono aprirsi sui fianchi. In cima al vulcano si trova il cratere, un’apertura a forma di imbuto da cui possono uscire lava, cenere e gas. Il corpo della montagna vulcanica forma il cono vulcanico, costruito nel tempo dall’accumulo di lava solidificata e materiali eruttivi. Se il vulcano ha avuto una grande eruzione o il tetto della camera magmatica è crollato, si può formare una caldera, cioè una vasta depressione circolare molto più grande del normale cratere. Schema semplificato: Mehr sehen

#geology #volcano #diagram

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