An aerial view of a futuristic, lush green city with buildings and people gathered in circular terraces, connected by glowing lines. Text on buildings reads 'ECONOMY' and 'ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY'.

شکل میخوام برای این...2-1. Healthy society: A Definition Efforts to improve social and economic conditions have long been central in academic and public policy discussions, aiming to foster healthier and more resilient societies. Over the years, different initiatives such as, the Ottawa Charter on Health Promotion, the Declaration of Alma Ata, and the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) have addressed the underlying conditions that lead to healthy societies [19] [20] [21]. In contrast to traditional biomedical perspectives, which largely equate health with the absence of disease at the individual level, these frameworks view a healthy society as a systemic construct shaped by interacting social, economic, political and environmental determinants. In addition to these frameworks, recent scholarship has emphasized the interconnected dimensions in defining a healthy society. Based on these studies, healthy societies emerge through the interaction of people, places, institutions, economic conditions, and ecological systems operating across local, national, and global scales [22, 23]. From this perspective, population health depends on coordinated governance, regulatory and fiscal policies, community participation, and long-term commitments to social and environmental sustainability. Accordingly, health is increasingly conceptualized as a multidimensional state encompassing physical, mental, social, economic, and environmental well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic Mehr sehen